The concept is based largely on conflicting feelings about the self.ī. In terms of Erikson's concept of "initiative versus guilt," which of the following statements is FALSE?Ī. may reflect differences among families in the amount and type of discussion of why people behave the way they do. are primarily due to gender differences between girls and boys.
may reflect differences among families in the amount and type of discussion of why people behave the way they do.ĭ.
do not typically appear until the age of 5.Ĭ. Individual differences in understanding conflicting emotionsĪ. Marcus comments on how some children in his class pick up on the feelings of characters in books, whereas other children never seem to figure out how the characters are feeling. At what age do children begin to understand simultaneous emotions?ĭ. guide her behavior in social situations.ĭ. Four-year-old Martha's ability to understand her own emotions helps her toĪ. giving specific strategy-focused feedback rather than criticizing the child as a person. ignoring the child when he or she exhibits "helpless" behavior. giving specific strategy-focused feedback rather than criticizing the child as a person.ĭ. focusing on other children's good performance so that the child can have a goal to achieve.Ĭ. targeting their criticism at the child as a person rather than focusing on particular behaviors.ī. Parents and teachers of preschoolers can avoid fostering the "helpless" pattern associated with low self-esteem byĪ. After several trials, the dogs in the "no escape" condition ceased trying to escape the shocks. Seligman's groundbreaking research involved shocking dogs in either an "escape" or "no escape" condition. his level of maturity relative to same-aged peers. In early childhood, a person's sense of self-esteem is derived primarily fromĭ.
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